TheGhostofElizabethShue
95833
2732
186
https://www.axios.com/twitter-suspends-fake-antifa-account-tied-to-white-nationalists-b387f109-2bfd-4326-a60f-a4d398a191c3.html
Oops, this was meant to have sound, my b: https://i.imgur.com/T79RTQY.mp4
https://youtu.be/bgwS_FMZ3nQ
Even if you think it is anti-fascists, you should still watch the above. Consider it an opportunity to know your enemy. Or just jump into the comments below and be a headass.
FailedCrate
Guess what, if you're not anti-fascist, you're a fascist. Siamo tutti antifascisti. Fuck Trump & his fascists.
METROlD
USA IS ASSHOLE!
Krasnopeev
UFC fighter jon Jones was out in the streets taking away spray paint cans from similar people
Sonicdahedgie
Destroying a barbershop is the most obvious falseflag possible. Black people would never wreck a barbershop.
Snooj
I think every YouTube comment should be coupled with a little timer showing how much of the video that person watched.
BootsDusty
LuminousExpanse
indeed
JusSumDood
Ohhhhh Antifa is Anti Fascism? Aren't we against Fascism?
TheKaein
I do think antifa is bad. I think white nationalists are bad. I think anyone who wear masks and beat people are bad. Both sides are stupid.
Calicoastin818
Since when is Fascism ok trumpanzees lack a lot of critical thinking skills
LuminousExpanse
you really want to short circuit Trumpers, show them this
Bootsy81
Remember Woody Guthrie wrote This Machine Kills Fascists on his guitar? Remember when America used to regard that as a good thing?
Allrighty
Also remember Woody Guthrie was a communist, and that was a good thing, too.
bekkayya
omg some of these lower comments are traaaaaash. Antifa is a verb. You do it. There is no "president of antifa".
bekkayya
you cant "Be" antifa, and if they are organized then that is a group with its own name, not the boogyman leftist antifa
GayCanadianJew
Olly Thorn is a babe.
iamthisguy247
#2 #3 - I feel bad for black people protesting injustices by police on their community, who now have to police those stealing their protest.
minkfarm
AntiFa is always out to riot
Aprilmadness
Ollie! <3
WinnieThePuff
Also: ANTIFA IS NOT AN ORGANIZATION
GratuaCuun
Remember when America was AGAINST Fascism?
Blackfinity
Of course Trump is going to rail against an organization that is anti-fascist. This guy aches to be a real fascist and cozies...
LuminousExpanse
even by doing stuff like this
Keeperofthe7keys
They aren't even an organization, just a collective of people that are against fascism lol.
Blackfinity
... up to fascists and dictators the world over.
Luronium
In France cops use to sneak into marchs with civilians cloths and break some stuff. A classic trick to win the battle of opinion.
HighImpactSexualViolence
In America they're doing it RIGHT NOW. Then again we are a pretty young country, so maybe we're on a similar timeline?
dcchillin46
Ya what does it say that his main boogeyman is the anti-fascists?
Shellzie2010
Most ppl are "antifascist" but don't like antifa. Just like you can believe "all lives matter" without subscribing to the racist rhetoric
Shellzie2010
Or believe that black lives matter, but condemn the riots, or that "blue lives matter" without supporting police brutality
Shellzie2010
These phrases have often been co-opted by their worst supporters
Allrighty
If you don't say black lives matter, you can't claim to believe all lives matter.
Shellzie2010
True, but it'd be nice to be able to say black lives matter and all lives matter without somehow conjuring up thoughts of riots and racists
Shellzie2010
Obviously if black lives don't matter then it logically follows that all lives don't matter, which is obviously a bad conclusion to reach
beardedbeerdeer
Philosophy Tube is a good channel. Go watch that video... And all the others.
Keru
Show up for the excellent info, stay for the ~*fabulous*~ costumes. and those eyes, mmmmm
TheGhostofElizabethShue
It’s a great channel. He’s one of the youtubers who is showing up media right now, they’re fucking up in the quarantine trying to cobble >
TheGhostofElizabethShue
> whatever broke looking content they can with webcams and remote studios and whatever, and he and those like him are as good as ever.
DaveSamsonite
Since Antifa is imaginary and there is no such organization, that’s it a white supremacist false flag shitshow should not surprise anyone.
PlankTableGo
Imagine if Americans were as upset about White Nationalism, Fascism, and Racism as they are Anifa.
LuminousExpanse
i'm not sure if you're paying attention but we're pretty fucking upset about White Nationalism, Fascism, and Racism
WhyDontYouMakeMe
TristanVIII
Some are, and probably moreso. We're a nation divided.
minkfarm
That's the lefts goal
TrueNorthernLights
LOL Keep 'em coming!
alchemist12345
These people are not designated terrorist. They are buddy-buddy with trump: https://twitter.com/RationalDis/status/1267171557845151744
AutumnalDreams
They are, much more than they are upset about the group Antifa.
override367
nah, Americans ready to rise up and use their 2nd amendment rights to massacre AntiFa, don't give a fuck about fascism
AutumnalDreams
Disagree, heavily so. You are talking about the stereotype of the American redneck/hillbilly bible-thumper, right? 1/2
AutumnalDreams
2/2 The same stereotype that strongly hates communists and anything similar.
bekkayya
Thats just externalized hatred bread from nationalism. They arnt anti-fascist, I doubt they could even define it.
parkerShaper
Have you been paying any attention? They are not. And all militia groups are gearing up to protect police or fire on rioters.
AutumnalDreams
They are. I have been paying a lot of attention, not just accepting BS from Antifa apologists.
TrueNorthernLights
LOL
parkerShaper
I dont apologize for fighting nazis. Never will, bootlicker.
AutumnalDreams
You shouldn't apologize for fighting Neo-Nazis, you should apologize if you are part of an Antifa chapter because you use the same tactics.
pullingsaiyantails
Imagine defending the violent group that beat up a gay, immigrant journalist.
minkfarm
That's the left M.O
TrueNorthernLights
OMG LOL. Yes, the "Left", the ones pushing for human rights, LGTBQ+, and freedom beat up gays. Holy SHIT you're killing me!
Counterfit
Andy Ngo conspired to help create a kill list.
SlightlyNormal
Imagine that some people can be upset about several things at once.
OMFGWhatHaveWeDONE
So confused. Anti-fascists are just people who hate fascism, right? Trump's going to outlaw hating fascism? That seems so vague, it's scary.
russrob84
He's outlawing them because they promote communism by "any means necessary" usually violent, and everyone is a nazi, even center liberals...
spiffylookingnerfherder
Everyone not wearing an armband.
T0go
that's a succinct summary
CoarseAndSalty
Also Trump supporters have a meltdown if you point out their attitues are reminiscent of fascism. The are definitely not fascists.
Waladaaa
Antifa are left extremists. Still extremists
nalananda
Pretty much
Kappa043
Turns out you can actually call your group anything, regardless of what it is. See also: Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
SecretlyASiberianHusky
ANTIFA is an extreme left wing party. So to be pro-antifa is pro KPD style tactics and rhetoric.
Tinkrr
Do you support PETA? D:
Wauphale
I'm a person and I'm for the ethical treatment of animals. Of course I support PETA!
rubypilgrim
you might want to check out what PETA does. You're better off supporting the Humane Society
daguq
It's a tactic called "divide the opposition".
fowlersleftfoot
Or exactly in keeping with the past 4 years?
filben7
Yeah, everyones grandpa from WW2 is literally the start of antifa.
AsAHistorian
If you're being sarcastic then I apologize for correcting you, but if not: it actually started in the 1920s and 30s in Germany! Guess why!
zozeer
1915 in Italy... but who's counting....
AsAHistorian
You're probably correct, looks like Italy was before Germany, which would make sense.
f5kt
"Antifa" usually refers to this, not just people who hate fascism https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifa_(Germany)
simonsaysabunchofstuff
Anyone who disagrees with Trumps racist policies are now terrorists and have no rights. And it will be 100% legal.
LavaAxe
It's just an umbrella term they're going to use to label anyone left of Moscow Mitch a terrorist.
UnhelpfulAnswers
The entire US army in WWII is literally antifa
SecretlyASiberianHusky
And anti-communist?
woodchucc3211
Unlike the idiots that associate with Antifa now, they just want destruction
UnitedGalactic
No, you are just on the fascists side. That's why you are scared.
woodchucc3211
Im so scared, you got me pegged all the way, shouldn’t put me like that tho
GuyMontag9632
Kleinstlebewesen
yes, yes it is
Keeperofthe7keys
Literally declared WWII vets terrorists.
PicassoCT
Wait till they outlaw terror
MrKomisiripala
Outlaw hating fascism = Promoting/demanding loyalty to Fascist government
etherbunny41
Well, same goes for National Socialists, right? It's not like a group can call themselves one thing and behave another way.
copperdomebodhi
Exactly. Antifa doesn't have leadership or members in the usual sense. Insert "Straight to Jail" gif for anyone Trump & Barr don't like.
wabitgirl
That's the point. Fortunately, it's illegal to label domestic groups terrorist organizations because that's against the 1sst amendment.
wabitgirl
Unless of course they're designated as a cult, in which case the bets are all off
RottedOnion
The right's been getting ready and dropping fear points in state media on antifa for a couple years. The stance is different from the group?
gecko08
So the main place that people with ANTIFA messages show up is in opposition to the Proud Boys, a far right wing group that espouses
igivetheinternets
The first place Antifa is famous for showing up was to a gay Greek Jewish conservative commentator's speaking engagement where they destroye
Keeperofthe7keys
The first place Antifa is famous for showing up was resisting the rise of nazism in Germany in 1932.
WaveMotionGum
You mean that guy who got dumped by his GOP patron because he was caught palling around with nazis?
WaveMotionGum
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milo_Yiannopoulos#Breitbart
igivetheinternets
property, burned businesses and cars, and knocked people out with bats and bike locks. Oh, and Milo is married to a black man as well so
igivetheinternets
clearly he is a facist.
HolyCringeLordBatman
Are you fucking retarded? Modern antifa dates back to like 70's british punk scene. Are you always this uneducated?
TheMouseOfMadness
Foxler was a white supremacist furry dating a black guy, ran a neo-nazi group. Your point?
MakeItBackAlright
Yeah they love to trot Milo out so he gets demographic protection, while he spews hateful garbage and stirs up protests. You pointing him
igivetheinternets
Shouldn't he be allowed to speak? "Demographic protection" didn't stop them from attacking people or the community. They label him a Nazi
igivetheinternets
despite his "Demographic protection." It's impossible for Milo to be a Nazi. That's the point. Antifa are shitheads.
MakeItBackAlright
out as proof that Antifa is a hate group is the exact mentality that caused the Alt Right to embrace him for psy-ops. Which means you're
MakeItBackAlright
either not a critical thinker, or you're knowingly pushing propaganda to muddy the issue. Which is it?
gecko08
distinctly authoritarian, misogynistic, and fascistic ideals. Locals adopt the ANTIFA label as they show up to counter demonstrate against
gecko08
the Proud Boys who generally are from out of town and come to cause trouble and, by their own admission, tax the resources of the state and
gecko08
the police. Admission to their organization REQUIRES getting in to a violent altercation with a "leftist".
TrueNorthernLights
Of course, but Trumpers and White Supremacy groups don't like that, therefore they're bad.
DoomNet
Don’t forget that Proud Boy leader and human scum Gavin McInnes also raw dogged himself with a dildo on film to own the libs.
AnonOmis1000
Very ignorant person here, but I remember ANTIFA being caught up in that whole thing with the person getting run over in Charleston?
DaveSamsonite
Someone on Fox News suggested it and he watches Fox every day.
pullingsaiyantails
Being against fascism doesn't mean you beat up journalists and prevent people from voting. Look what they did to Andy Ngo.
Keeperofthe7keys
Andy Ngo isn't a journalist he's an alt-right propagandist.
minkfarm
Did you hear it from the opinion blog CNN?
TrueNorthernLights
Aww you tried.
Allrighty
He got caught numerous times manipulating footage, doxxed antifa activists to Nazis, and colluded with a Nazi group.
Giantmutantcrab
Oh it's the Republicans once again attempting to legally silence the Left and anyone who does not agree with their new-wave fascism.
n0n53n53
People confuse antifa with black bloc
minkfarm
Same shit, even if you polish a turd, it's still shit
n0n53n53
so all black men are gang members, going off your logic?
TheGhostofElizabethShue
It’s hella broad. Did you cover up a swastika? Straight to Trump Gulag, you anti-regime dog.
Josefbugman1543
Please at this point it will be going against Trumpist thought you counter revolutionary running dog.
1Plebian
I think it has more to do with the fact that Antifa groups are supplying bricks and shipping in grifters who's goal is to escalate.
superspaceman1337
Ironic that you mention gulags, considering I see the good old hammer and sickle of famine being flown at every antifa rally.
dcchillin46
Antifa rallies? Links? Pretty sure that isn't a thing.
superspaceman1337
You could try Google. Or reading the news.
dcchillin46
I read plenty of news from a variety of sources. If you cant provide sourcing to back your claims that's on you maybe don't spread falsities
TrueNorthernLights
Or you could back up your claim with reality.
LuminousExpanse
their name alone is an act of propaganda. look up the history of Antifa. they were founded by the German Communist Party in Weimar 1/
LuminousExpanse
Germany before the rise of the Third Reich. Communism and Fascism had been fighting it out just like in Spain, Italy, and Russia before 2/
LuminousExpanse
them. instead of calling themselves Communist, they fooled the public into thinking they were only "anti-Fascist" and that their one 3/
LuminousExpanse
purpose was to fight fascism. in reality, yes it was to fight fascism... to allow Communism to win. it's still going to this day
Allrighty
Communists have no need to hide. They were called anti-fascists because the cause of anti-fascism is broader than that.
Ducksarecuterthanpenguins
thealmightywalrus420
Antifa is an organized group who's main priority is to cause panic and start fights. They fly under the guise of a good cause.
Keeperofthe7keys
Antifa isn't an organization at all.
Allrighty
Watch the video.
OMFGWhatHaveWeDONE
I thought that was the Alt-right?
IHateCakeDays
Jocktopus
Antifa is not organized, that's why their labeling as a terrorist organization is being scrutinized. It's more of an ideal than a group.
TrueNorthernLights
So web site?
IHateCakeDays
Antifa is more than being anti-fasist. Anti-fasism is good, but antifa is more about fighting corparations aka just break shit up
jimmyhowlett
Like ending monopolies and creating competition? Isn't that good for capitalism or was that a lie too?
IHateCakeDays
Antifa throws bricks in peacufull protest just to get police respond with teargas. If you see black hooded and masked white people, move out
IHateCakeDays
3) your peacefull protest is over. Antifa seems new to US, but thats their behaviour in Europe, let there be riot
rubypilgrim
you mean Home Depot employees these days?
ArtfullySane
Proud Boys disguised as AnTiFa* https://www-nbcnews-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna1221456?amp_js_v=a3&_gsa=1&us
JohnLemon
Exactly. I'm all for "anti-fascism", but Antifa fits that bill in name only. The ends always justify the means.
n0n53n53
that's black bloc
minkfarm
Same shit
IHateCakeDays
They are usually same people, bei g anyi
IHateCakeDays
*bein anti-fasist gives them better reputation, who wouldn't hate nazis
n0n53n53
black bloc can be anti-fascist, but that doesn't make all anti-fascists black bloc. Understand how that works?
LuminousExpanse
and they define anything that is not them as "fascist"
rubypilgrim
is that really true though, given that it's not an organized group?
LuminousExpanse
yes it is and yes they are
rubypilgrim
your sources? Because what I'm seeing: https://www.cnet.com/news/twitter-suspends-account-white-nationalist-group-posing-as-antifa/
TrueNorthernLights
So web sites?
Domehammer
ANTIFA are a terrorist group. They use violence and fear. Have had protestors drag them to cops because they try to turn protests into riots
GuyMontag9632
A sociopath will always accuse you of doing the very thing that they are guilty of themselves. To deflect the attention from themselves.
TrueNorthernLights
Source?
OMFGWhatHaveWeDONE
I've seen stories saying the Alt-Right is pretending to be anti-facists. I'd like to read where ever you're getting this news from
Keeperofthe7keys
The protestors are antifa you idiot.
ArtfullySane
chunglungus
welcome to a new era of mccarthyism
LuminousExpanse
that started with "Russian collusion"
chunglungus
Russian state tv regularly and casually refers to Trump as an asset u dumb fuck
LuminousExpanse
and we believe them too. it's pretty genius, tbh. they're laughing their asses off right now
jimmyhowlett
It's funny how scapegoating the extreme left (communism) leads to a rise in the extreme right (trump)
TheFrypo
Its not the problem with the idea. Its the execution of said idea. More info https://youtu.be/iNfTPG7nVrg
ForeignKid
Protestors smashed a window of the civil rights museum in Greensboro, NC. That doesnt sound like something a civil rights advocate would do
Keeperofthe7keys
The fact that it doesn't logically make sense should tell you that it's not what happened.
reallyyouguys
It does sound like something that people would do to make protesters look bad, though.
turmosoritilaatio
Or just a youngster with no any agenda at all, who is now 'living the dream'. You get to break things without consequences.
reallyyouguys
Yeah fair. I wish police would be peaceful with the protesters and just stop the nutjobs . . . but they have a narrative to enact.
turmosoritilaatio
Maybe these protests lead to something better. I am once again reminded how good things are where I live just by looking across the sea.
T0go
It's wild that people are trying to apply the morality of a smashed window in one building to hundreds of thousands of unorganized people.
MrKomisiripala
If we are all Anti Fascist, and it frightens the government, doesn’t that mean the government is Fascist?
LuminousExpanse
congrats! you've fallen into the OTHER sides propaganda! WOOO!!!!!!!
Keeperofthe7keys
Kinda puts things in perspective doesn't it?
SunBrolem
We are all anti-fascist. We are not all Antifa. This is a logical fallacy that Antifa likes to push.
MrKomisiripala
But it’s the fallacy this administration is capable of using to stifle all dissent.
doubleohslevin
Why target businesses full stop? Especially local owned businesses. Those people won't get insurance payout and its their living you destroy
AsAHistorian
The people targeting local businesses, by and large, are out-of-towner opportunists trying to discredit legitimate protest-and it's working.
reallyyouguys
That is exactly why instigators are targeting local businesses. They want the protesters to look bad.
ILikeToCallItLostWages
Because the specific people in these videos are trying to get black people fucked up
minkfarm
The rioters isn't "from town", they are shipped in AntiFa terrorists to incite violence
GuyMontag9632
A sociopath will always accuse you of doing the very thing that they are guilty of themselves. To deflect the attention from themselves.
parkerShaper
Scariest thing about all this is how trump admin has managed to paint anti fascists as bad guys and how many uninformed people buy it.
LuminousExpanse
and then how people ignore this too
Domehammer
ANTIFA is as anti-facist as white chocolate is chocolate. It's just in the name, they are violent thugs.
Allrighty
That is completely stupid, sorry.
quade
You think Antifa is bad, just wait till you hear about fascists.
zombiezone
Same thing...
filben7
ParadeOfCrap
Please deposit 25¢ for each use of: “they use the same tactics” or “People’s Republic of North Korea”
kmikl
ninetenduh
So exactly what Antifa is? They act and behave exactly like the Blackshirts and SA did.
LuminousExpanse
funny how they both seem to show up around the same time too
quade
Well... Antifa doesn't go around just fighting anyone...
randolphjcarter
If you think fascists are bad, just wait 'til you hear about headasses. Whatever they are.......
pullingsaiyantails
They are fascists. They use the same tactics. They fight against freedom. Fuck antifa
TrueNorthernLights
Were you born this stupid, or...?
Mmmmmoist
What freedom?
SlightlyNormal
Antifa are anti fascists as much as democratic republic of korea is democratic. They are militant thugs targeting everything right of Bernie
berlinson
Sounds like you've been watching too much Fucks News lil buddy
SlightlyNormal
What's that? Not aware of any such channel.
TrueNorthernLights
BZZT! Please try again.
SlightlyNormal
I don't recall asking a commie.
TrueNorthernLights
LOL Keep 'em coming!
BDF1838
Yeah, names make things true, like the Patriot Act or the Affordable Care act.
BitchButcher
Or the damn German communists and socialist running Hitler's "National Socialists Workers Party"
ElroydIsGone
You can be anti-fascist and also pro some different shitty thing, yes, or pro something good. Fascists are always fascists.
BDF1838
Apparently you can also use violence to enforce and advance your politcal goals while still claiming to be anti-fascist as well
override367
Shifuede
killdread
Yeah, we know World War 2 happened.
FigmentImage
"Using violence to enforce and advance your political goals" is literally how the American Revolution happened. And the French. And ...
FigmentImage
the defeat of the Confederacy. Every political ideology excuses violence against those who would prevent it from being realized.
LordFriteuse
Violence is not what defines fascism. http://www.openculture.com/2016/11/umberto-eco-makes-a-list-of-the-14-common-features-of-fascism.html
DancesWithHedgehogs
Whoah. Item 3: "Thinking is a form of emasculation." Automatons for the cause. Sounds like Republican politicians (not all Republicans).
quade
You could name a bill "Save Our Babies Act" and it could be about killing babies and it would pass. Who would vote against a name like that?
jimmyhowlett
A literate competent politician. Do you have any?
Alvatore
Not since we went to war with Eastasia.
greedoshotsecond
I would. Fuck those babies. /s
Alvatore
Can we maybe *not* fuck babies?
Wolfmom2020
Antifa still sucks lol
SecretlyASiberianHusky
Oh boy, I do love my non-violent communist political ideology.
OogieBoogieCatDad
*patrick* Whats the difference?
Tinkrr
"You think PETA is bad, just wait until you hear about people who treat animals unethically." D:
woodchucc3211
Antifa is just branding, they only stand for violence and destruction
ArtfullySane
AnTiFa doesn't fucking exist. It's not even a formal organization, it's an idea. It's now just used as a catch all term for uppity leftists
ArtfullySane
MexicanTrainer
That's what people say when they don't like being told they are wrong for having racist opinions. "Muh free speech!"
MexicanTrainer
For the record, this is literally what happened.
Kilgravewannabe
i could call myself a member of any civil rights cause, smash stuff up for a laugh, if members of that cause dont call me out for being 1/2
Kilgravewannabe
a violent cunt, i am going to damage that cause whether they consider me a true member or not, there is a lot of this happening too 2/2
MexicanTrainer
Those would be agitators & you need to know that the people who are really out there protesting have nothing to do with it.
MexicanTrainer
A lot of police start the violence as well whether during a protest or not. That's the reason for these protests. But they dont get weakened
MexicanTrainer
And that's validating the power dynamic of militarize police which is how we get into situations like we are now where innocents die.
ArtfullySane
Nandortherelentless
When you're a facist, it's easy to label Antifa as terrorists because they directly oppose you.
furrypronz
Antifa, fascists, they’re both authoritarian groups. Hard pass on either.
Nandortherelentless
*side eyes the Trump administration*
IHateCakeDays
And when you are an anti-fasist, it is easy to label antifa as terrorists because of their actions and values
furrypronz
Truefox
SuperJusticeWarrior69
Antifa's stance is, "do what we want or we scorch the earth and burn it all". Literally the most fucking fascist you could ever be.
barryleaper
okay, i will bite, you have a huge file of these "fascist" actions of these anti fascists then?
TrueNorthernLights
Riiiight.
mondeca
If you think property damage is bad, just wait until you hear about cops killing civilians.
ChesterSnapdragonMcFistycuffs
These aren't mutually exclusive problems, there is no dichotomy that forces belief and investment in one at the expense of the other.
ChesterSnapdragonMcFistycuffs
And it's been made clear by George Floyd's own brother that rioting and looting isn't what they want for this movement :/
Conser1
Or about the cops being killed?
Conser1
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8377833/Protests-held-New-York-Washington-DC-riots-broke-out.html
BortSamps0n
Or you know the UNARMED UNTRAINRD CIVILIANS they murdered
Steps2psychosis
Sorry not hearing anything about that what with all the CIVILIANS THEY’VE KILLED
Conser1
Just saying it's not just civilians getting killed.
Steps2psychosis
Yea by the people being sworn to protect them! The people who you’re advocating for are armed and trained.
LinguisticBitch
Trump is a fascist and that's why be hates antifa.
LuminousExpanse
and totally loves white nationalists
Allrighty
Based in Russia. Seems like that might be the obvious symbolic value there, you shameless propagandist.
LuminousExpanse
you know a presidential administration can't declare anything a domestic terrorist organization, right? like, literally cannot?
Allrighty
Weird because that picture seems to suggest otherwise and isn't that, in fact, the point?
LinguisticBitch
The point was that Trump is a White Nationalist. Period.